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Eliminating mother-to-child transmission of HBV: progress and challenges in China
Wenzhan Jing, Jue Liu, Min Liu
《医学前沿(英文)》 2020年 第14卷 第1期 页码 21-29 doi: 10.1007/s11684-020-0744-2
关键词: hepatitis B virus mother-to-child transmission progress challenge
Current recommendations of managing HBV infection in preconception or pregnancy
null
《医学前沿(英文)》 2014年 第8卷 第2期 页码 158-165 doi: 10.1007/s11684-014-0340-4
Hepatitis B remains a leading cause of cirrhosis, hepatocellular carcinoma and liver transplantation worldwide. Management of chronic hepatitis B during pregnancy is challenging. Transmission of hepatitis B to infants still occurs perinatally although immunoprophylaxis is widely available for infants born to mothers with chronic hepatitis B infection. The emerging data suggest that initiation of antiviral therapy in the beginning of the third trimester in highly viremic mothers can prevent immunoprophylaxis failure in their infants. The available drug safety data show that lamivudine, telbivudine and tenofovir are generally safe to be used during the pregnancy. In order to minimize the fetal exposure to the antiviral medication, antiviral therapy during the pregnancy should be limited to a selected group of patients with cirrhosis, high hepatitis B viral load, or prior history immunoprophylaxis failure. An elective Caesarean section may reduce the risk of perinatal transmission. For those females planning for pregnancy or in early stage of pregnancy, communication and follow-up among obstetrician, gastroenterologist, and primary care physician are important. In this article, we will review the features of hepatitis B infection before, during and after the pregnancy; the risk factors that increase mother-to-child transmission; safety data on antiviral drug use during pregnancy; and the potential role of Caesarean section in selected cases.
关键词: antiviral therapy Caesarean section cirrhosis hepatitis B immunoprophylaxis mother-to-child transmission pregnancy prevention
New medical risks affecting obstetrics after implementation of the two-child policy in China
null
《医学前沿(英文)》 2017年 第11卷 第4期 页码 570-575 doi: 10.1007/s11684-017-0552-5
China recently instituted a two-child policy in response to its aging population, declining workforce and demographic dividend, and the need to develop asocial economy. Additionally, women generally delay having a second child because of the overwhelming pressure in their lives. With the improvements in assisted fertility technologies in recent years, the number of elderly women attempting to bear children has increased. The quality of woman’s eggs and a man’s sperm declined dramatically with increasing age, leading to an increased risk of pregnancy-related complications among older women. Therefore, the types of fertility problems experienced by elderly females must be provided with considerable attention by obstetricians. This commentary article focuses on the medical problems faced by older second-child pregnant women. This work discusses their increased rates of infertility, spontaneous abortion, fetal malformation, gestational diabetes, cesarean section, placenta previa, postpartum hemorrhage, postpartum depression, and hypertensive disorders, which complicate pregnancy.
关键词: two-child policy birth defects cesarean delivery placenta previa
Optimization of the O/HO process with response surface methodology for pretreatment of mother liquor
《环境科学与工程前沿(英文)》 2021年 第15卷 第4期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-020-1371-5
• Real ML-GFW with high salinity and high organics was degraded by O3/H2O2 process.
关键词: High salinity High organic matters Gas field wastewater O3/H2O2 Response surface methodology
王代权,刘长艳,向琼,马代慈
《中国工程科学》 2014年 第16卷 第5期 页码 11-15
采取整群抽样调查方法,对2011 年1 月—2013 年5 月在秭归县、夷陵区计划生育服务站因非意愿妊娠而实行人工终止妊娠对象,通过查阅病历资料和调查问卷,了解非意愿性妊娠原因及相关因素。1 360例非意愿妊娠中,未婚为21.62 %,已婚为78.38 %;人群分布在20~39 年龄段(73.82 %);孕次分布主要在孕2~孕3 的对象为57.87 %;非意愿妊娠中避孕措施失败者为44.34 %,无措施者为55.66 %。避孕措施因素宫内节育器为10.51 %,避孕套为10.51 %,避孕药为8.24 %,外用为6.62 %,其他为8.46 %。存在侥幸心理和取出宫内节育器(IUD)后续措施没能跟进是无措施者导致非意愿妊娠的主要原因。避孕知识知晓率为98.90 %,对紧急避孕的知晓率仅为15.37 %,知道哺乳期需避孕者为18.38 %。医务人员、计生干部、宣传资料是已婚人群获取避孕知识的主要途径,农民及农民工对象获取免费服务高于城镇居民、国家工作人员、商业服务人员及外来流入人员。
LI Shunjiang, YANG Linsheng, WANG Wuyi, LI Yonghua, LI Hairong, XIRAO Ruodeng
《医学前沿(英文)》 2007年 第1卷 第2期 页码 223-225 doi: 10.1007/s11684-007-0043-1
关键词: different relationship non-disease selenium KBD distribution
唐运革,李飞成,韩立薇
《中国工程科学》 2015年 第17卷 第6期 页码 82-85
目的:分析和预测生育政策调整对个体及社会带来的各种影响,及时防范这些影响可能导致的各种社会问题。方法:以广州市2 099对“单独二孩”登记夫妻群体为例,分析这一群体人口学等方面的特征。结果:符合“可生育二孩”政策的8万个家庭中受理申请者占26.7 %,有36.5 %的夫妇未确定生育第二胎的时间,35岁以上妇女占妇女总人数的15 %。结论:“单独二孩”政策的实施不会出现“人口暴增”现象,要特别注意高龄产妇生育风险的评估和保障。
Choosing configurations of transmission line tower grounding by back flashover probability value
Dmitry KUKLIN
《能源前沿(英文)》 2016年 第10卷 第2期 页码 213-226 doi: 10.1007/s11708-016-0398-6
关键词: grounding transmission line tower back flashover probability FDTD method
null
《医学前沿(英文)》 2018年 第12卷 第1期 页码 76-83 doi: 10.1007/s11684-017-0609-5
Tuberculosis (TB) has remained an ongoing concern in China. The national scale-up of the Directly Observed Treatment, Short Course (DOTS) program has accelerated the fight against TB in China. Nevertheless, many challenges still remain, including the spread of drug-resistant strains, high disease burden in rural areas, and enormous rural-to-urban migrations. Whether incident active TB represents recent transmission or endogenous reactivation has helped to prioritize the strategies for TB control. Evidence from molecular epidemiology studies has delineated the recent transmission of ( ) strains in many settings. However, the transmission patterns of TB in most areas of China are still not clear. Studies carried out to date could not capture the real burden of recent transmission of the disease in China because of the retrospective study design, incomplete sampling, and use of low-resolution genotyping methods. We reviewed the implementations of molecular epidemiology of TB in China, the estimated disease burden due to recent transmission of strains, the primary transmission of drug-resistant TB, and the evaluation of a feasible genotyping method of strains in circulation.
关键词: tuberculosis recent transmission molecular epidemiology China
Antibiotic resistome mostly relates to bacterial taxonomy along a suburban transmission chain
《环境科学与工程前沿(英文)》 2022年 第16卷 第3期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-021-1466-7
• The α-diversities of resistome were lower in manure and compost than in soils.
关键词: Antibiotic resistance genes Resistome Bacterial taxonomy Transmission chain
Planet position errors in planetary transmission: Effect on load sharing and transmission error
Miguel IGLESIAS, Alfonso FERNáNDEZ, Ana DE-JUAN, Ramón SANCIBRIáN, Pablo GARCíA
《机械工程前沿(英文)》 2013年 第8卷 第1期 页码 80-87 doi: 10.1007/s11465-013-0362-7
In this paper an advanced model of spur gear transmissions developed by the authors is used to study the influence of carrier planet pin hole position errors on the behaviour of the transmission. The model, initially conceived for external gear modeling, has been extended with internal meshing features, and thus increasing its capabilities to include planetary transmission modeling. The new features are presented, along with the summary of the model general approach. The parameters and characteristics of the planetary transmission used in the paper are introduced. The influence of carrier planet pin hole position errors on the planet load sharing is studied, and several static cases are given as examples in order to show the ability of the model. Tangential and radial planet pin hole position errors are considered independently, and the effect of the load level is also taken into account. It is also given attention to the effect on the transmission error of the transmission. Two different configurations for the planetary transmission are used, attending to the fixed or floating condition of the sun, and the differences in terms of load sharing ratio are shown.
关键词: gear planetary epicyclic transmission load sharing transmission error
Rongrit CHATTHAWORN,Surachai CHAITUSANEY
《信息与电子工程前沿(英文)》 2015年 第16卷 第10期 页码 871-882 doi: 10.1631/FITEE.1500049
关键词: Adaptive tabu search Renewable energy generation Robust optimization Transmission expansion planning
《机械工程前沿(英文)》 2023年 第18卷 第2期 doi: 10.1007/s11465-022-0735-x
关键词: electromechanical-hydraulic hybrid actuator (EMHA) integration transmission mechanisms power assistance energy efficiency working characteristics
《环境科学与工程前沿(英文)》 2021年 第15卷 第3期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-021-1386-6
• Aerosol transmission is an indispensable route of COVID-19 spread.
关键词: SARS-CoV-2 COVID-19 Environmental factor Aerosol transmission Epidemiologic characteristic
标题 作者 时间 类型 操作
Eliminating mother-to-child transmission of HBV: progress and challenges in China
Wenzhan Jing, Jue Liu, Min Liu
期刊论文
New medical risks affecting obstetrics after implementation of the two-child policy in China
null
期刊论文
Optimization of the O/HO process with response surface methodology for pretreatment of mother liquor
期刊论文
Relationship between selenium concentration in child hair and the distribution of Kashin-Beck Disease
LI Shunjiang, YANG Linsheng, WANG Wuyi, LI Yonghua, LI Hairong, XIRAO Ruodeng
期刊论文
Choosing configurations of transmission line tower grounding by back flashover probability value
Dmitry KUKLIN
期刊论文
Recent transmission of Mycobacterium tuberculosis in China: the implication of molecular epidemiology
null
期刊论文
Planet position errors in planetary transmission: Effect on load sharing and transmission error
Miguel IGLESIAS, Alfonso FERNáNDEZ, Ana DE-JUAN, Ramón SANCIBRIáN, Pablo GARCíA
期刊论文
An approach for evaluating the impact of an intermittent renewable energy source on transmission expansion
Rongrit CHATTHAWORN,Surachai CHAITUSANEY
期刊论文
Design and characteristic research of a novel electromechanical-hydraulic hybrid actuator with two transmission
期刊论文